Shannon Michelle Blakey University of Wyoming

The Paradoxical Effect of Safety Aids on Inferences of Danger and Anxiety by Shannon Michelle Blakey

Get Access The Paradoxical Effect of Safety Aids on Inferences of Danger and Anxiety by Shannon Michelle Blakey eBook in format PDF,ePub,Kindle and Audiobook

The Paradoxical Effect of Safety Aids on Inferences of Danger and Anxiety

Author : Shannon Michelle Blakey

Publisher : University of Wyoming

Published : 2013

ISBN-10 : 1303656981

ISBN-13 : 9781303656989

Number of Pages : 27 Pages

Language : en

Descriptions The Paradoxical Effect of Safety Aids on Inferences of Danger and Anxiety

Although perceptions of danger often arise in the context of feared threat cues, anxious individuals also rely on other heuristics that lead them to infer danger in ambiguous situations. Prior studies have demonstrated the maladaptive role of safety behaviors on anxiety; however, the adverse effect on anxiety-related cognitions and symptoms may in some cases be attributable to the mere availability of safety aids rather than their actual use. Although assumed to be helpful, safety aids might paradoxically elicit, rather than alleviate, anxiety. The present study assessed the degree to which fear-relevant safety aids ironically exacerbate distress. Participants completed several self-report measures and engaged in a contamination-related behavioral avoidance task (BAT) in the presence or absence of a 2L hand sanitizer dispenser. Results showed that participants higher in trait contamination aversion and in the presence of hand sanitizer endorsed greater distress following the BAT. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.

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Results The Paradoxical Effect of Safety Aids on Inferences of Danger and Anxiety

If a Safety Aid is Present, There Must be Danger: The Paradoxical - If a Safety Aid is Present, There Must be Danger: The Paradoxical Effects of Hand Sanitizer during a Contamination Exposure Task Show all authors ... anxiety and disgust, BAT avoidance, and urges to wash following the BAT. Theoretical and clinical implications of the paradoxical inference of danger from the presence of safety aids are discussed

If a safety aid is present, there must be danger: the paradoxical - predictor of paradoxical safety aid effects (Telch et al., 2010). The aim of the present study was to assess the degree to which concerned individuals infer danger from the presence of relevant safety aids. Although this paradoxical safety aid- danger appraisal is speculated to be a broad cognitive process, this study was designed to

Paradoxical effect definition and meaning - Collins Dictionary - Paradoxical effect definition: If something is paradoxical , it involves two facts or qualities which seem to | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples

Paradoxical lesions, plasticity and active inference | Brain - This paradoxical lesion effect disappeared when the second lesion was more severe because plasticity-related changes were disproportionately amplified in the intrinsic connectivity, relative to lesioned extrinsic connections. ... Conveniently, active inference also provides a principled way of modelling and measuring (plastic) changes in the

Paradoxical thinking as a new avenue of intervention to promote ... - PNAS - Importantly, there was a significant main effect for the paradoxical thinking manipulation on willingness to compromise [F(1, 152) = 6.50, P < 0.05, η 2 = 0.04], such that participants in the paradoxical thinking condition were more supportive of settlement evacuation as a means to achieve a peaceful resolution of the conflict (M = 4.04, SD

CiteSeerX — If a Safety Aid is Present, There Must be Danger: The - Another potential source of danger information is the mere availability of safety aids in the environment. Although assumed to be helpful, safety aids might paradoxically elicit, rather than alleviate, anxiety. The present study was designed to assess the degree to which concern-relevant safety aids exacerbate distress

Paradoxical effects of praise and criticism: social ... - PubMed - Background: When developing a domain-specific academic self-concept, students are not restricted to social comparisons; they may also make temporal or dimensional comparisons. Aims: The main purpose of this study was to examine whether these different types of comparison trigger paradoxical effects of praise and criticism in the sense described by Meyer (1992)

If a Safety Aid is Present, There Must be Danger: The Paradoxical - paradoxical safety aid ef fect, Figure 1 sho ws the effect of contam ination aversion and saf ety aid condition on participants' urge to was h following the BAT. Journal of Experimental

9 - The paradox of human expertise: why experts get it wrong - Paradoxical effects of drugs on cognitive function: the neuropsychopharmacology of the dopamine and other neurotransmitter systems. 24. The paradoxical brain - so what? Index. References; Get access. Share. Cite. Summary. Summary. Expertise is correctly, but one-sidedly, associated with special abilities and enhanced performance. The other

Paradox - Examples and Definition of Paradox in Literature - Common Examples of Paradox. There are many common examples of paradox in everyday conversation and writing. Here are some well-known and familiar uses of this literary device: less is more. do the thing you think you cannot do. you're damned if you do and damned if you don't. the enemy of my enemy is my friend. the beginning of the end

Paradoxical effects of praise and criticism on perceived ability - the research on paradoxical effects of praise and criticism on perceived ability conducted by Meyer has implications for the social psychology of the classroom and for the development of children's self-concepts / this research challenges the view that praise and criticism merely constitute reinforcements that, when made contingent on performance, increase or decrease the probability of a

Understanding the Paradoxical Effect - Renaissance Recovery - The paradoxical effect occurs when a medication causes side effects in direct opposition to its intended outcome - an anti-nausea medication triggering sickness, for instance. Paradoxical drug reactions are commonplace among people with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The paradoxical effect of certain medications can also

Paradoxical Effects of Praise and Criticism on Perceived Ability - Empirical evidence presented shows that praise can lead to the inference that the other person evaluates the recipient's ability as low, while criticism can lead to the inference that the recipient's ability was estimated as high. It is also shown that evaluative feedback can have paradoxical effects on the recipient's self-perception of ability

(PDF) Paradoxical lesions, plasticity and active inference - ResearchGate - Paradoxical lesions are secondary brain lesions that ameliorate functional deficits caused by the initial insult. This effect has been explained in several ways; particularly by the reduction of

PDF Journal of Experimental Psychopathology - ResearchGate - If a Safety Aid is Present, There Must be Danger: The Paradoxical Effects of Hand Sanitizer during a Contamination Exposure Task ... inferences of danger, hypervigilance, peak BAT anxiety and

KINE-1346 chapter-6 Flashcards | Quizlet - Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like A CNS depressant can: can cause severe physical dependence. all of these can be correct be used as a sleep aid. a relieve anxiety, Select the correct statement concerning antihistamines. Many antihistamines can cause annoying anticholinergic side effects. Tolerance to antihistamine-induced sedation develops slowly. OTC

A note on the "paradoxical" effect of stimulants on hyperactivity with - This "paradoxical" effect is discussed in terms of the rate-dependency hypothesis which states that the effect of a given drug is determined by the baseline rate of behavior emitted by the subject. Amphetamines decrease response output under schedules maintaining high response rates, but increase response output under schedules maintaining low

The paradoxical effect of safety aids on urge to wash following a - Download scientific diagram | The paradoxical effect of safety aids on urge to wash following a contamination BAT Note. Q1 = First quartile; Q2 = Second quartile; Q3 = Third quartile; Q4 = Fourth

Paradoxical reaction - Wikipedia - A paradoxical reaction (or paradoxical effect) is an effect of a chemical substance, such as a medical drug, that is opposite to what would usually be expected. An example of a paradoxical reaction is pain caused by a pain relief medication. Paradoxical reactions may be more common in people with ADHD. [1]

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology - In summary, safety aids—innocuous and adaptive as they seem—may actually generate and exacerbate anxiety. This paradoxical safety aid-danger appraisal is hypothesized to be a general cognitive process rather than a phenomenon specific to clinically anxious individuals. Therefore, safety aidrelated inferences of danger would be -

APA Dictionary of Psychology - paradoxical technique. a therapeutic technique in which a client is directed by the therapist to continue undesired symptomatic behavior, and even increase it, to show that the client has voluntary control over it. Also called paradoxical intervention. See also paradoxical directive

Paradoxical and bidirectional drug effects - PubMed - Effects that are paradoxical in relation to an aspect of the pharmacology of the drug but unrelated to the usual indication. In bidirectional drug reactions, a drug may produce opposite effects, either in the same or different individuals, the effects usually being different from the expected beneficial effect. Paradoxical and bidirectional

Paradoxical adverse drug reactions: descriptive analysis of ... - PubMed - Introduction: Paradoxical adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are defined as being opposing reactions to the pharmacological effect of drugs in relation to its pharmacodynamic properties. Their diagnosis is difficult as they are relatively rare with atypical clinical presentation (with the possibility of being confused with drug ineffectiveness or the worsening of the underlying disease)

Paradoxical functional facilitation in brain-behaviour research. A - Abstract. The aim in this review article is to document research findings that have shown paradoxical effects of nervous system changes, whereby direct or indirect neural damage may result in facilitation of behavioural functions. Such findings have often been ignored or undervalued in the brain-behaviour research literature

Paradoxical adverse drug reactions: descriptive analysis of French - Introduction Paradoxical adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are defined as being opposing reactions to the pharmacological effect of drugs in relation to its pharmacodynamic properties. Their diagnosis is difficult as they are relatively rare with atypical clinical presentation (with the possibility of being confused with drug ineffectiveness or the worsening of the underlying disease). This kind

If a safety aid is present, there must be danger: the paradoxical - Theoretical and clinical implications of the paradoxical inference of danger from the presence of safety aids are discussed. Perceptions of danger often arise in the context of feared threat cues, but individuals also rely on other heuristics that lead them to infer danger in ambiguous situations

Paradoxical effects of thought suppression. - Semantic Scholar - Paradoxical effects of thought suppression. D. Wegner, D. J. Schneider, +1 author. T. L. White. Published 1987. Psychology. Journal of personality and social psychology. In a first experiment, subjects verbalizing the stream of consciousness for a 5-min period were asked to try not to think of a white bear, but to ring a bell in case they did

Get Access The Paradoxical Effect of Safety Aids on Inferences of - The Paradoxical Effect of Safety Aids on Inferences of Danger and Anxiety Summary Although perceptions of danger often arise in the context of feared threat cues, anxious individuals also rely on other heuristics that lead them to infer danger in ambiguous situations

Paradoxical Reaction - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics - Paradoxical reaction is thought to be an immunological response to residual M. ulcerans antigens which are known to persist for many months after successful treatment; AFB are visible in the skin long after completion of antibiotics. These reactions resolve without treatment other than completion of the standard 8-week course of antibiotics

- Perceptions of danger often arise in the context of feared threat cues, but individuals also rely on otherheuristics that lead them to infer danger in ambiguous situations. For example, individuals may interpret theirown anxiety or safety-seeking behaviors as indicators of threat. Another potential source of dangerinformation is the mere availability of safety aids in the environment. Although assumed to be helpful, safetyaids might paradoxically elicit, rather than alleviate, anxiety

If a Safety Aid is Present, There Must be Danger: The - Although assumed to be helpful, safety aids might paradoxically elicit, rather than alleviate, anxiety. The present study was designed to assess the degree to which concern-relevant safety aids exacerbate distress

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology - In summary, safety aids—innocuous and adaptive as they seem—may actually generate and exacerbate anxiety. This paradoxical safety aid–danger appraisal is hypothesized to be a general cognitive process rather than a phenomenon specific to clinically anxious individuals. Therefore, safety aidrelated inferences of danger would be -

"If a safety aid is present, there must be danger: the - Theoretical and clinical implications of the paradoxical inference of danger from the presence of safety aids are discussed. Perceptions of danger often arise in the context of feared threat cues, but individuals also rely on other heuristics that lead them to infer danger in ambiguous situations

If a safety aid is present, there must be danger: the - postulation that mere safety aid availability may paradoxically elicit inferences of danger and greater distress when encountering feared stimuli. In summary, safety aids—innocuous and adaptive as they seem—may actually generate and exacerbate anxiety. This paradoxical safety aid–danger appraisal is hypothesized to be a

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology - ResearchGate - Paradoxical Effects of Hand Sanitizer during a ... inferences of danger, hypervigilance, peak BAT anxiety and disgust, BAT avoidance, and urges to wash following ... Safety aids are stimuli that