Tolerance and Intergroup Contact: The Paradoxical Effect of Attitudes Toward Minority Members by Syl

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Tolerance and Intergroup Contact: The Paradoxical Effect of Attitudes Toward Minority Members

Author : Sylvie Graf

Publisher : Morressier

Published : 2017

ISBN-10 :

ISBN-13 :

Number of Pages : Pages

Language : en

Descriptions Tolerance and Intergroup Contact: The Paradoxical Effect of Attitudes Toward Minority Members

In this study, we focused mainly on 1) tolerance, 2) positive and negative contact, and 3) attitudes towards the Vietnamese minority. Majority members judged three separate behaviors performed by the Vietnamese Czechs. Tolerance was conceptualized as an acceptance of negatively perceived behavior. Attitudes toward minority members were measured using a feeling thermometer. The main goal was to inspect whether positive and negative contact associates with acceptance of behavior taking into account the evaluation of the behavior. Moreover, we tested whether attitudes toward minority members mediated the link between intergroup contact and acceptance of the behavior. We employed the structural equation modeling using the Czech sample (N = 7,498). Our results showed that attitudes toward minority members are negatively associated with the tolerance among those who did not perceive the behavior positively. Consequently, the indirect effect of positive contact on the tolerance was negative regardless of how the behavior was perceived. The effect of negative contact on the tolerance was positive among those who perceived the behavior negatively. In the case of one behavior, negative contact was negatively and directly associated with tolerance. Our findings suggest that the direct effect of negative contact on tolerance may be present. However, the indirect effect via attitudes to minority members may be paradoxical because these attitudes were negatively linked with tolerance.

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Results Tolerance and Intergroup Contact: The Paradoxical Effect of Attitudes Toward Minority Members

Reducing Intergroup Conflict Through Contact - Association for - In a 2015 study published in the European Journal of Social Psychology, researchers Gunnar Lemmer and Ulrich Wagner (Philipps-University Marburg, Germany) examined the effectiveness of intergroup contact at reducing ethnic prejudice. The intergroup contact theory is based on the idea that interactions between members of different groups help

Sylvie Graf, Tolerance and intergroup contact: The paradoxical effect - In this study, we focused mainly on 1) tolerance, 2) positive and negative contact, and 3) attitudes towards the Vietnamese minority. Majority members judged three separate behaviors performed by the Vietnamese Czechs. Tolerance was conceptualized as an acceptance of negatively perceived behavior. Attitudes toward minority members were measured using a feeling thermometer. The main goal was to

Contact hypothesis - Wikipedia - Contact hypothesis. In psychology and other social sciences, the contact hypothesis suggests that intergroup contact under appropriate conditions can effectively reduce prejudice between majority and minority group members. Following WWII and the desegregation of the military and other public institutions, policymakers and social scientists had

Sociology Exam 3 Flashcards | Quizlet - Feminist Scholars. According to _____ ______ women experience gender inequality as a result of past and present economic, political, and educational discrimination. Functionalist. ______ theory views men and women as having distinct roles that are important for the survival of the family and society. Functionalist

[PDF] Intergroup contact theory. | Semantic Scholar - The chapter proposes four processes: learning about the outgroup, changed behavior, affective ties, and ingroup reappraisal, and distinguishes between essential and facilitating factors, and emphasizes different outcomes for different stages of contact. Allport specified four conditions for optimal intergroup contact: equal group status within the situation, common goals, intergroup

How can intergroup interaction be bad if intergroup contact is good - The outcomes of social interactions among members of different groups (, racial groups, political groups, sexual orientation groups) have long been of interest to psychologists. Two related literatures on the topic have emerged-the intergroup interaction literature and the intergroup contact lit …

Tolerance and Intergroup Contact: The Paradoxical Effect of Attitudes - In the case of one behavior, negative contact was negatively and directly associated with tolerance. Our findings suggest that the direct effect of negative contact on tolerance may be present. However, the indirect effect via attitudes to minority members may be paradoxical because these attitudes were negatively linked with tolerance

Intergroup Contact Theory: Past, Present, and Future | In-Mind - The intergroup contact hypothesis was first proposed by Allport (1954), who suggested that positive effects of intergroup contact occur in contact situations characterized by four key conditions: equal status, intergroup cooperation, common goals, and support by social and institutional authorities (See Table 1). According to Allport, it is

Paradox of tolerance - Wikipedia - View history. The paradox of tolerance states that if a society is tolerant without limit, its ability to be tolerant is eventually seized or destroyed by the intolerant. Karl Popper described it as the seemingly self-contradictory idea that in order to maintain a tolerant society, the society must retain the right to be intolerant of intolerance

PDF How Can Intergroup Interaction Be Bad If Intergroup Contact Is Good - heightened stress, intergroup anxiety, or outgroup avoidance, whereas intergroup contact is typically found to have positive effects tied to intergroup bias, predicting lower intergroup anxiety and lower prejudice. We examine these paradoxical findings, proposing that researchers contributing to the two literatures are examining different levels

Contact theory and the concept of prejudice ... - ResearchGate - The application of the theory toward the improvement of intergroup relations has had the effect of concealing the fact that Contact Theory is fundamentally a prejudice theory and not a theory of

(PDF) Intergroup Contact Theory - ResearchGate - Social-psychological research yielded contradictory results regarding the effects of group size within a host country on sentiment toward outgroups. Intergroup contact theory suggests that

The Negative Implications of Being Tolerated: Tolerance From the Target - Likewise, researchers could examine whether intergroup contact with majority members provides a new or different perspective on the reasons and meaning of being tolerated. In such work, it is also important to take a relational approach and systematically examine actual interactions in which episodes of toleration occur, similar to research on

Generalized intergroup contact effects on prejudice. - APA PsycNET - Examined the role of intergroup friendship and the generalization of contact effects to out-groups not involved in the contact. Data was collected as part of the European Community's Euro-Barometer Survey No. 30 during 1988 in France, the Netherlands, Great Britain, and then-West Germany. The study drew 2 separate samples for target out-groups. 3,806 Ss completed measures of reported

Allport's Intergroup Contact Hypothesis: Its History and Influence - The contact hypothesis is the idea that intergroup contact under particular conditions can reduce prejudice between majority and minority group members. In a single chapter of his book, The Nature of Prejudice, Gordon Allport (1955) attempts to address the question of what happens when groups interact through his "intergroup contact

A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory - The meta-analysis finds that intergroup contact typically reduces intergroup prejudice, and this result suggests that contact theory, devised originally for racial and ethnic encounters, can be extended to other groups. The present article presents a meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. With 713 independent samples from 515 studies, the meta-analysis finds that intergroup contact

11.4 Intergroup Relationships - Introduction to Sociology 3e - OpenStax - Intergroup relations (relationships between different groups of people) range along a spectrum between tolerance and intolerance. The most tolerant form of intergroup relations is pluralism, in which no distinction is made between minority and majority groups, but instead there's equal standing. At the other end of the continuum are

Explaining the paradoxical effects of intergroup contact: Paternalistic - These effects have been attributed primarily to the role of intergroup contact in decreasing the salience of intergroup differences, encouraging common identification, and creating warm feelings. This paper explores a related but distinct process through which contact may have paradoxical consequences, focusing on its capacity to act as a

11.5: Intergroup Relationships - Social Sci LibreTexts - OpenStax. Intergroup relations (relationships between different groups of people) range along a spectrum between tolerance and intolerance. The most tolerant form of intergroup relations is pluralism, in which no distinction is made between minority and majority groups, but instead there's equal standing. At the other end of the continuum are

All you need is contact - American Psychological Association - A longstanding line of research that aims to combat bias among conflicting groups springs from a theory called the "contact hypothesis." Developed in the 1950s by Gordon Allport, PhD, the theory holds that contact between two groups can promote tolerance and acceptance, but only under certain conditions, such as equal status among groups and common goals

Intergroup Threats (Chapter 7) - The Cambridge Handbook of the - Testing the limits of tolerance: How intergroup anxiety amplifies negative and offensive responses to out-group-initiated contact. Personality and Social Psychology ... Understanding and removing evaluative concerns as an obstacle to positive intergroup contact effects. In Hodson, G. & Hewstone, M. (Eds.), Advances in intergroup contact (pp

Paradoxical thinking as a new avenue of intervention to promote ... - PNAS - The premise of most interventions that aim to promote peacemaking is that information that is inconsistent with held beliefs causes tension, which may motivate alternative information seeking. However, individuals—especially during conflict—use different defenses to preserve their societal beliefs. Therefore, we developed a new paradoxical

Explaining the paradoxical effects of intergroup contact: Paternalistic - Recent research has shown that contact with the historically advantaged can have paradoxical effects on the political attitudes of the historically disadvantaged, reducing outgroup prejudice but also reducing the motivation to acknowledge and challenge social inequalities. These effects have been attributed primarily to the role of intergroup contact in decreasing the salience of intergroup

Intergroup contact and attitudes toward the principle and practice of - The results suggest that among Whites, there remains a stubborn core of resistance to policies designed to rectify the injustices of apartheid. The results also indicate that interracial contact has differential, and somewhat paradoxical, effects on the attitudes of Whites and Blacks toward practices aimed at achieving racial justice

Intergroup Emotions Theory: Prejudice and Differentiated Emotional - Emotions, William James tells us, are embedded in identity. How I feel about you depends not only on who you are, but also on who I am. In an influential chapter merging theories of social identity and emotion felt toward other groups, Smith (1993) similarly argued that considering intergroup attitudes as a combination of appraisals, emotions, and action tendencies based in the perceiver's

Intergroup Toleration and Its Implications for Culturally Diverse - Furthermore, we consider the depoliticized effects that tolerance discourse might have and the possible negative psychological consequences for groups that are tolerated in society. Gaps in existing knowledge are considered and policy implications are explored throughout. ... There is a large literature on the positive effects of intergroup

INTERGROUP CONTACT THEORY | Annual Review of Psychology - Abstract Allport specified four conditions for optimal intergroup contact: equal group status within the situation, common goals, intergroup cooperation and authority support. Varied research supports the hypothesis, but four problems remain. 1. A selection bias limits cross-sectional studies, since prejudiced people avoid intergroup contact. Yet research finds that the positive effects of

PDF Paradoxes of Inclusion: Understanding and Managing the Tensions of - more people into regular contact with others different from them in both identity and culture. More societies face the need to absorb and integrate immigrants and refugees, to address intergroup—particularly racial and ethnic—differences and disparities, and to increase social justice and equality; simultaneously, many societies must address

Can Contact With Other Groups Reduce Prejudice? - Across methodologies, and across different types of contact, they found that there was a clear meta-analytic effect across the 500+ studies examined: increased contact results in a relatively

Tolerance and Intergroup Contact: The Paradoxical Effect of - In this study, we focused mainly on 1) tolerance, 2) positive and negative contact, and 3) attitudes towards the Vietnamese minority. Majority members judged three separate behaviors performed

Explaining the paradoxical effects of intergroup contact - Much of this research has focused on the contact hypothesis (Allport, 1954), the idea that positive interactions between members of different groups improve intergroup relations. That contact often reduces negative thoughts and emotions about others is undeniable (Pettigrew & Tropp, 2006)

- The paradoxical effects of contact may also arise through a related set of social psychological processes. If members of disadvantaged groups have largely positive experiences of interacting with members of advantaged groups in their day-to-day lives, then they also tend to have less sense of being personally-targeted for discrimination

Explaining the paradoxical effects of intergroup contact - The paradoxical effects of contact may also arise through a related set of social psychological processes. If members of disadvantaged groups have largely positive experiences of interacting with members of advantaged groups in their day-to-day lives, then they also tend to have less sense of being personally-targeted for discrimination

Explaining the paradoxical effects of intergroup contact - Abstract Recent research has shown that contact with the historically advantaged can have paradoxical effects on the political attitudes of the historically disadvantaged, reducing outgroup prejudice but also reducing the motivation to acknowledge and challenge social inequalities

Intergroup Contact and Attitudes Toward the Principle and - The results suggest that among Whites, there remains a stubborn core of resistance to policies designed to rectify the injustices of apartheid. The results also indicate that interracial contact has differential, and somewhat paradoxical, effects on the attitudes of Whites and Blacks toward practices aimed at achieving racial justice

Tolerance and intergroup contact: The paradoxical effect of - In this study, we focused mainly on 1) tolerance, 2) positive and negative contact, and 3) attitudes towards the Vietnamese minority. Majority members judged three separate behaviors performed by the Vietnamese Czechs. Tolerance was conceptualized as an acceptance of negatively perceived behavior. Attitudes toward minority members were measured using a feeling thermometer. The main goal was to